State and Local Pension Costs: Pre-Crisis, Post-Crisis, and Post-Reform

Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, 2013

Alicia H. Munnell, Jean-Pierre Aubry, Anek Belbase, Joshua Hurwitz

Pension Underfunding

A Widening Gap in Cities: Shortfalls in Funding for Pensions and Retiree Health Care

The Pew Charitable Trusts, 2013

Pension Underfunding

Public Pension Promises: How Big Are They and What Are They Worth?

Journal of Finance, 2011

Robert Novy-Marx, Joshua D. Rauh

Pension Underfunding

Public Options for State Pension Systems and Their Impact on Plan Liabilities

Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 2011

Robert Novy-Marx, Joshua D. Rauh

Pension Underfunding

Are State Public Pensions Sustainable? Why the Federal Government Should Worry About State Pension Liabilities

National Tax Journal, 2010

Joshua D. Rauh

Pension Underfunding

The Impact of Public Pensions on State and Local Budgets

Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, 2010

Alicia H. Munnell, Jean-Pierre Aubry, Laura Quinby

Pension Underfunding

Why Don’t Some States and Localities Pay Their Required Pension Contributions?

Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, 2008

Alicia H. Munnell, Kelly Haverstick, Jean-Pierre Aubry, Alex Golub-Sass

Pension Underfunding

Promises with a Price: Public Sector Retirement Benefits

The Pew Center on the States, 2007

Pension Underfunding

The Economic Function of Underfunded Pension Plans

Journal of Law and Economics, October 1, 1985

Richard A. Ippolito

Pension Underfunding

League of California Cities Retirement System Sustainability Study and Findings

League of California Cities, 2018

League of California Cities

Pension Underfunding

Pension Funds Still Making Promises They Probably Can’t Keep

Wall Street Journal, 2018

Heather Gillers

Pension Underfunding

A $76,000 Monthly Pension: Why States and Cities Are Short on Cash

New York Times, 2018

Mary Williams Walsh

Budget Management, Pension Underfunding